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The way out for the pig industry under the high pressure of environmental protection -- in-depth dialogue Beijing dahong animal husbandry pig farm design chief engineer

Article release date:2015-04-23

1. What development opportunities and challenges does the new environmental protection policy bring to the development of pig industry? How to solve the contradiction between environmental protection investment and benefit?

Engineer liu jin: the new environmental policy requires pig farms to improve their ability to deal with pollutants. This process will eliminate a batch of pig farms that cannot withstand the pressure of the new environmental protection policy, which is tantamount to accelerating the development of our pig industry towards scale and standardization. This also puts forward higher requirements and challenges to our da-hong livestock husbandry, and also accelerates the pace of da-hong livestock manure treatment ideas and equipment innovation.

With the increase of investment in environmental protection, as just said, many pig farms will be eliminated, and many pig farms will suffer from the decline of efficiency due to the increase of environmental protection costs. In the face of this contradiction, I personally believe that pig farms need to make effective selection and management before, during and after delivery to reduce the investment in pig farms. Prenatal here, such as building field planning, site selection, process, such as reasonable choice of effective, during personnel cost, feed, breeding, whether to choose equipment management, etc., prenatal decision-making right, during the alternative, postpartum fecal sewage processing link pressure also is not so big, three links, can reduce the environmental protection investment, at the same time solve the contradiction between the environmental protection investment and benefit, and even bring pig better virtuous cycle.

2. What are the difficulties in the current treatment of pig manure? What's the solution?

As far as I know, I think: 1) biogas construction: there are problems in the design, technology, management and operation capital, etc., and the operation effect of facilities is not ideal, which to some extent limits the popularization of sewage treatment technology and facilities. 2) small-scale scattered pig farm breeding: it is small in scale and scattered in layout. Due to the lack of effective treatment measures, pollution control technology and supervision cost are relatively high, which has become the main source of rural non-point source pollution and the key and difficult point of agricultural non-point source pollution reduction. Solve the case: establish a small scattered farming manure centralized collection and treatment service system. 3) blisters: a significant problem is that there is generally not enough land around large pig farms to absorb the manure, so the subsequent treatment of the manure has become a difficult point. Solution: "blisters + solid - liquid separation" sewage treatment system, successfully solved the problem. After the collected feces are collected in the septic tank, a series of processes including "cutting - mixing evenly - cutting feed pump lifting - dry and wet separation of solid and liquid separator" are carried out. All equipment can be operated automatically by means of liquid level control. Solid manure after separation can be directly used to make organic fertilizer, and sewage has several destinations: it can be used as raw material for biogas project, or discharged to the standard after subsequent treatment, and it can also be stored and diluted for irrigation after curing according to specific conditions of the site. 4) mechanical dung scraping: there is always the problem that transmission cables are easy to break. For this reason, dahong animal husbandry has been trying and exploring constantly, and has successfully solved this problem by adopting the anticorrosive mining ring chain to replace the conventional steel cable in the mechanical manure scraping system.

In general, I still think the implementation of large-scale pig farm prenatal, delivery, postpartum harmless treatment technology is more scientific and comprehensive. 1) pre-production control technology mainly starts from planning, site selection, piggery construction and other aspects, and adopts dry manure cleaning technology to solve the problem of dry and wet separation; Control water consumption to solve the problem of large emissions; Underground drainage, solve the problem of rainwater and sewage diversion; Anti-seepage ground to solve the problem of groundwater pollution. 2) in-production control technology involves feed, feeding management and other aspects, mainly to change the conventional high-protein and high-phosphorus feed into healthy and emission-reducing feed, so as to solve the problem of emission reduction of harmful substances. 3) postpartum control technology is the key, including the harmless treatment technology of pig solid waste and sewage.

In addition, strengthen hardware construction. Pig farm should build corresponding manure, sewage and rainwater diversion, biogas tank, liquid storage tank, oxidation, aerator, manure irrigation pipe network and other pollution control facilities and equipment and ensure its normal operation, to ensure that the pig farm harmless zero emissions.

Of course, law, research institutions and government should not neglect their functions and roles. To formulate laws and regulations related to the control of livestock and poultry feces pollution; Relevant national research institutions should constantly research and develop new waste disposal technologies and promote them free of charge to ensure that there are technologies and methods for waste disposal. The government should take publicity as the main task and education as the auxiliary. All the breeding personnel should be regularly regulated with the harm of fecal environmental pollution from education. The awareness should be raised from the perspective of ideology.

3, how should pig farm break through the current environmental problems, what are the successful practices of your company?

Engineer liu jin: in the face of such severe environmental pressure, it is the key for pig farms to achieve the separation of feces and urine (liquid) and relieve the pressure in the post-treatment of feces. In this regard, dahong animal husbandry has developed its own mechanical scraping system and successfully applied it in a large pig farm in tianjin. It is an inevitable trend that pig farms should combine farming and animal husbandry according to local conditions and take the road of sustainable development of ecological breeding.

4. What are the new processes and facilities related to manure treatment?

Engineer liu jin: for the treatment of pig manure, from the perspective of technology, there are anaerobic treatment, aerobic treatment, anaerobic and aerobic combination treatment, oxidation pond, artificial wetland and other treatment methods. Such as USR upflow anaerobic fermentation process, "anaerobic digestion - ecological pond - algal net filter bed combination process", "solid liquid separation tank - upper order Batch digester - solid liquid separator" feces treatment process, CEM technology, SBR(Sequence Batch Reactor) process are the reference value of feces treatment process. At present, domestic and foreign pig farm manure treatment modes can be classified into three types: returning mode, natural treatment mode and factory treatment mode.

In view of the difficulties in the treatment of feces in small and medium-sized pig farms, I have learned that a new type of pig house is designed under the pig fermentation bed, which is connected with biogas digester. Some of the feces is directly discharged into the biogas digester for reuse after fermentation. Part of the pig manure and urine is decomposed by the fermentation bed, and the fermentation bed is used for effective heat preservation in the biogas digester in winter. This design not only realizes zero discharge of pig manure, but also makes clean energy recycling, which is suitable for family pasture.

In addition, in the rural viaduct zero-emission pig raising mode, the pig manure, urine and sawdust fermented mixture stored under the fecal leakage board can be cleaned up (can be cleared by forklift) and used as farmland organic fertilizer or processed into organic granular fertilizer. The whole process of pig farm is realized without washing and zero discharge of feces.

5. What are the pollution reduction technologies for pig farms?

Engineer liu jin: pig farm pollution reduction technology can be considered from several perspectives:

1) diet. For example, the formulation of accurate nutrition program, grasp the utilization characteristics of feed raw materials, the use of feed additives to reduce emissions, the use of new feed raw materials and master its processing characteristics. By controlling the nutrient composition of the diet and adjusting the structure of the diet, the discharge of pollutants in pig manure and urine can be reduced.

2) different disposal modes of feces. Dry manure cleaning mode and anaerobic, oxygenation and oxidation treatment of feces can significantly reduce pollutant emission concentration and emissions. Therefore, in the treatment process of feces from farms, the dry and clean feces mode should be vigorously promoted to save water and reduce the discharge of waste water and pollutants.

3) different farming modes. (1) large farms, the use of industrial governance model, biogas slurry after precipitation with industrial methods for sewage treatment, dry manure, biogas slag sent to organic fertilizer plant processing into organic fertilizer, farming manure pollution all achieve standard emissions. (2) medium-sized farms, through the docking of large farmers, dry manure, biogas residue are all fruits and vegetables planting consumption. At the same time, the construction of "artificial wetland", biological purification method to treat biogas slurry sewage (artificial wetland, ecological ditch construction). (3) small scale farm, biogas slurry made into vegetable nutrient solution, by pipeline transport to each vegetable greenhouse according to the amount of fertilizer, dry manure, biogas residue also directly planted vegetables. With the combination of planting and breeding, all the feces are turned into resources, which not only effectively solves the problem of breeding pollution, but also saves the fertilizer cost of vegetable planting.

4) biological fermentation technology. Like a fermentation bed.

5) harmless treatment technology for dead pigs. For example, deep burial method, incineration method, cadaver cellaring treatment, chemical preparation method, composting method, fermentation bed biological treatment dead pigs technology, dead pigs drum biodegradation mode, dead pigs high temperature biological harmless treatment integrated machine, high temperature biodegradation technology are all harmless treatment technology.

6, please talk about, you know the foreign pig industry developed countries in the pig industry environmental protection is what we can use for reference?

Engineer liu jin: the United States, Japan, Germany and other countries in the feces farm sewage treatment, are favored in feces returned to the field, livestock and poultry feces wastewater after biological treatment, moderate temperature or high temperature anaerobic digestion and then appropriate application in the field has become a new trend. In the process of pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding in Shanghai, China, after nearly 10 years of standard control practice, it is back to the comprehensive treatment mode of returning farmland to use.

In the United States and Switzerland, sewage treatment facilities are installed to change the content of proteins and minerals in the feed, and additives such as yucca extracts or enzymes are added to the feed. These are the places that we can learn from and have been working hard to achieve certain results.

Organic farms in the United States, environmentally friendly agriculture in Japan and its "plant factories" under development, ecological farms in Switzerland and the natural and ecological pig raising method in South Korea all indicate the future of green, environmental protection, energy conservation, reduction, innocuity and resource pig raising.

From the current situation of China's aquaculture, under the general trend of relatively backward and unstable aquaculture benefits, circular economy is undoubtedly a aquaculture approach that can be used for reference and more suitable for China's aquaculture. In such a breeding pattern, da-hong animal husbandry must comply with the demand, adhere to the principles and ideas of harmonious development and circular economy, and carry out "da-hong animal husbandry, synchronous with the world" to the end.


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